Bible Versus Quran Versus Sciences, (53) Statistics
Statistics (sta•tis•tics) is a noun that can be used with a singular or plural verb.
Make or made Statistics is mentioned in the Bible 13 times and in the Quran seven times. However, Make or made Statistics is translated to the English Bible’s versions and or Quran as Number, numbered, Count and Counted. Number, numbered, Count and Counted are mentioned in the Bible 339 times and in the Quran nine times.
The word statistics is derived from the Latin term statisticum collegium (“council of state”) and the Italian word statista (“statesman”). The German “Statistik”, has first introduced by G. Achenwall (1749), initially designated the analysis of data about the state, signifying the “science of state” (then named political arithmetic in English). It acquired the meaning of the collection and classification of data generally in the early 19th century. It was introduced into English by Sir J. Sinclair.
Thus, the original main reason of Statistik was data to be used by governmental and administrative bodies. The collection of data about states and localities maintains, principally through national and international statistical services. In particular, censuses give regular information about the population.
In short, Statistics are Data that can be represented numerically
Statistics is an important mathematical science pertaining to the collection, analysis, interpretation, explanation, and presentation of data. Statistics are also used for making knowledgeable decisions.
Statisticians usually collect random variables and calculate their mean, median, standard deviation, standard error of mean, probability distributions etc.
Sometimes, the outcomes of the statistical procedures are the uncertainty in the observations and failure of making informed decisions.
Statistics in the Bible:
The Lord commanded Moses to sum and number the people
Numbers 1:2
Take ye the sum of all the congregation of the children of Israel, after their families, by the house of their fathers, with the number of their names, every male by their polls;
Saul counted and numbered 600 men
1 Samuel 13:15
…and Saul counted the men who were with him. They numbered about six hundred.
David numbered the people
2 Samuel 18:1
And David numbered the people that were with him, and set captains of thousands, and captains of hundreds over them.
It is a great sin and a very foolish deed to number the people.
The Lord commanded David to number the people and David did. But, David’s heart smote him. And David said unto the LORD, I have sinned greatly in that I have done. However, this great sin deserves a great punishment. God love offered David three punishment’s option to choose. David chose the most merciful one which was killing of seventy thousand innocent men.
2 Samuel 24:1-17
1 And again the anger of the LORD was kindled against Israel, and he moved David against them to say, Go, number Israel and Judah.
2 For the king said to Joab .. Go now .. and number ye the people, that I may know the number of the people.
3 … And Joab and the captains of the host went out … to number the people of Israel.
9 And Joab gave up the sum of the number of the people unto the king: ….
10 And David’s heart smote him after that he had numbered the people. And David said unto the LORD, I have sinned greatly in that I have done: and now, I beseech thee, O LORD, take away the iniquity of thy servant; for I have done very foolishly.
11 For when David was up in the morning, the word of the LORD came unto the prophet Gad, David’s seer, saying,
12 Go and say unto David, Thus saith the LORD, I offer thee three things; choose thee one of them, that I may do it unto thee.
13 So Gad came to David, and told him, and said unto him, Shall seven years of famine come unto thee in thy land? or wilt thou flee three months before thine enemies, while they pursue thee? or that there be three days’ pestilence in thy land? now advise, and see what answer I shall return to him that sent me.
14 And David said unto Gad, I am in a great strait: let us fall now into the hand of the LORD; for his mercies are great: and let me not fall into the hand of man.
15 So the LORD sent a pestilence upon Israel from the morning even to the time appointed: and there died of the people from Dan even to Beersheba seventy thousand men.
16 And when the angel stretched out his hand upon Jerusalem to destroy it, the LORD repented him of the evil, and said to the angel that destroyed the people, It is enough: stay now thine hand. And the angel of the LORD was by the threshingplace of Araunah the Jebusite.
17 And David spake unto the LORD when he saw the angel that smote the people, and said, Lo, I have sinned, and I have done wickedly: but these sheep, what have they done? let thine hand, I pray thee, be against me, and against my father’s house.
1 Kings 20:25
And number thee an army, ….
1 Kings 20:27
And the children of Israel were numbered, …
2 Chronicles 2:17
And Solomon numbered all the strangers….
2 Chronicles 25:5
….and he numbered them from twenty years old and above,…
The wicked man has pain all his life.
Herein, the Bible suggests a new cause of pain. However, every day we see many wicked and evil men who never complain of pain.
Job 15:20
The wicked man travaileth with pain all his days, and the number of years is hidden to the oppressor.
The Lord will number you to the sword, and ye shall all bow down to the slaughter
Isaiah 65:12
Therefore will I number you to the sword, and ye shall all bow down to the slaughter: ….
Sword, spear, a multitude of slain, and a great number of carcasses
Nahum 3:3
The horseman lifteth up both the bright sword and the glittering spear: and there is a multitude of slain, and a great number of carcasses; and there is none end of their corpses; they stumble upon their corpses:
Who can number the clouds?
It is an easy job to count them!
Job 38:37
Who can number the clouds in wisdom? or who can stay the bottles of heaven,
There are virgins without number; how come?
Song of Solomon 6:8
There are threescore queens, and fourscore concubines, and virgins without number.
The children of Israel cannot be measured nor numbered.
This never happened throughout the history of mankind.
Hosea 1:10
Yet the number of the children of Israel shall be as the sand of the sea, which cannot be measured nor numbered;
The hairs of your head are all numbered
Matthew 10:30
But the very hairs of your head are all numbered.
Statistics in the Quran:
The Quran cites the story of some believer guys who escaped from an evil disbeliever king, went to a cave and slept for 300 years then Allah roused them to give the people a sign for His power. This story is not found in the Bible.
Surah 18:12
Then we roused them, in order to test which of the two parties was best at calculating the term of years they had tarried!
Everything we have done is counted and recorded in a clear book. You may have forgotten something that you have done in Your Life but Allah never forgets and everything is recorded and counted in numbers in your book of evidence.
In this book there is no randomness or uncertainty in the data; also there are no random variable or probability distributions, everything is accurate, precise and unambiguous.
Surah 36:12
Verily we shall give life to the dead, and we record that which they have forwarded and what they have Left Behind; we have counted everything in a clear book (of evidence).
Surah 58:6
On the day that Allah will raise them all up (again) and show them the truth (and meaning) of their conduct. Allah has reckoned its (value), Allah has taken count of it, though they may have forgotten it, for Allah is witness to all things.
Surah 72:28
So that he may know that they have delivered the messages of their Lord and he encompasses all that is with them, and he has counted everything in numbers. ‘
Every man is counted and put in his statistical order and will come to Allah singly on the Day of Judgment.
Herein, we have some hints about the basic of statistics, the variants, the number, the category of statistics etc.
Surah 19:93-95
93 Not one of the beings in the heavens and the earth but must come to (Allah) most gracious, the merciful, the beneficent as a servant.
94 He has counted them (made statistics for them) and exactly numbered all;
95 And every one of them will come to him singly on the Day of Judgment.
The disbelievers will say: What a book, everything is recorded and counted!
Surah 18:49
And the book (of deeds) will be placed (before you); and thou wilt see the sinful in great terror because of what is (recorded) therein; they will say, “ah! woe to us! what a book is this! it leaves out nothing small or great, but takes account thereof!” they will find all that they did, placed before them: and not one will thy Lord treat with injustice.
The denials will never get a raise except in punishment!
78:27-30
27 Surely they feared not the account,
28 They called our revelations false with strong denial.
29 And we have recorded and numbered everything in a book,
30 “So taste ye (the fruits of your deeds); for no increase shall we grant you, except in punishment.”
Back to the main topic of my series of articles (1- 53); this is my question to you smart readers: “Is the Quran quoted from the Bible “? And which book precedes the sciences and which one contradicts with sciences?
About the Author
Professor Dr. Ibrahim Khalil
Prof. of Clinical and Chemical Pathology,
Head of Clinical Microbiology and Infection Control Unit,
Ain-Shams University. Cairo, Egypt.
And,
President of the Egyptian Society of Inventors.
Member of the Egyptian union of Writers
Probability & Statistics Tutor -Sample 3 -Standard Deviation
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